About a billion years until the earth's basically unlivable because the sun's temperature is slowly but constantly rising. About 4 billion before it becomes a red giant and fries the place like a doughnut in hot oil. You could probably get several centuries warning from the spectral lines but I can't remember the details. Time enough for plenty of anal.
A joke I heard about this: Two astronomers in a bar, talking about this subject. A bystander overhears them and comes up to one, white as a sheet:
"When did you say the sun was going to cook the earth?"
"About 4 billion years"
"Thank fuck for that! I thought you said 4 million....."
"You care for nothing but shooting, dogs and rat-catching, and will be a disgrace to yourself and all your family"
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